Chris Toth - VP of IR Jeff Green - Founder and CEO Rob Perdue - COO Paul Ross - CFO

Tim Nollen - Macquarie Shyam Patil - FIG Youssef Squali - SunTrust Robinson Humphrey Brian Schwartz - Oppenheimer Peter Stabler - Wells Fargo Brian Fitzgerald - Jefferies

Greetings and welcome to The Trade Desk's Second Quarter 2018 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Chris Toth, Head of Investor Relations.

Thank you, Operator. Hello and good afternoon. Welcome to The Trade Desk second quarter 2018 earnings conference call. On the call today are from our Hong Kong officer is Founder and CEO, Jeff Green; and from our headquarters in Ventura, California, Chief Operating Officer, Rob Perdue; and Chief Financial Officer, Paul Ross. A copy of our earnings press release can be found on our website at thetradedesk.com in the Investor Relations section. Before we begin, I would like to remind you that except for historical information, the matters that we will be describing will be forward-looking statements, which are dependent upon certain risks and uncertainties. I encourage you to refer to the risk factors included in our press release and our most recent SEC filings. In addition to reporting our GAAP financial results, we present supplemental non-GAAP financial data. A reconciliation of the GAAP to non-GAAP measures can be found on our earnings press release. We believe providing non-GAAP measures combined with our GAAP results provides a more meaningful representation regarding the company’s operational performance. I will now turn the call over to Founder and CEO, Jeff Green. Jeff?

Thanks, Chris and thank you all for joining us. As Chris mentioned, I’m speaking to you from Hong Kong today, I’m excited to be taking this call from Asia for the first time. More on that later. But first, onto our results. I'm pleased to report The Trade Desk had another outstanding quarter in Q2 of 2018. Let me remind you that programmatic is growing at 21% while our growth was nearly 2.5 times of that. Our revenue was up 54% from a year ago to a record $112 million, which again surpassed even our own expectations. That 54% year-over-year growth equaled to 54% year-over-year growth we had in Q2 2017. Q2 also represented the largest increase in incremental revenue dollars we have ever had in a single quarter. Our business strategy continues to be validated in the marketplace this quarter more than ever. We continue to see marketers allocate budgets beyond the few search and social sites that historically got the most incremental advertising dollars. Our strategy of being the best platform for media buying and not owning or arbitraging media is more valuable today than it ever was. In the last three months, even more of the top 200 worldwide advertisers signed up on our platform. In the last 12 months Ad Age's top 50 worldwide advertisers increased their spend nearly 100% more with us this year than last. That positions us very well for continued growth, not only for 2018 but in 2019 and beyond. This quarter growth came from many areas. Mobile spend grew nearly 100% year-over-year to account for 45% of spend on our platform, the highest ever. That is about 4x the industry average for mobile ad spend according to eMarketer. Data spend, again hit another record for the quarter and spend on cross device grew by nearly 100%. Meanwhile, our international business continued its solid growth in both Europe and Asia, up 85% compared with the last year. Arguably the most important channel for our company is Connected TV. Last quarter, we shared the most bullish number that I think we’ve ever shared as a public company. Q1 2018 CTV spend increased by over 21x over Q1 2017. This quarter I'm excited to report that Connected TV more than doubled from last quarter. In Q2 nearly everything went right. We executed well and one of the most dynamic environments we've seen. We often see a game changing event or two impacting the industry in any given year. However in Q2, many significant developments occurred in the industry, all of which we believe will yield massive positive implications for our business over the rest of this year, next year and over the long term. Here are four that I want to touch on, first Google sharply limited how their DoubleClick ID can be used. Second, significant merger deal shifted the TV landscape. And third GDPR went live in the EU, and finally The Trade Desk launched the biggest product in our company's history. I think it's important that I take a minute to discuss these - each of these events and how they impact the entire digital advertising marketplace. First, Google announced in April, that they would stop sharing DoubleClick IDs with clients to enable reporting across websites and properties. This includes YouTube and DBM. Keep in mind that Google's DoubleClick has about 75% of the global ad serving market share, and this means that they touch and measure about 75% of the ads served on the global independent Internet. Removing the ID makes comparative reporting go away. So this is a very big deal. Sharing the ID enables third-party reporting companies to measure Google's performance objectively. The ID makes it possible for marketers to compare YouTube, Google and DBM performance to the other parts of their media plan. Taking this away weakens the value proposition of YouTube, Google and DBM. In my view Google's decision to remove this ID offering is driven by their increasing need to reduce risk against malicious data enablement. Like what we saw Cambridge Analytica with social data. The risk is similar for both Google and Facebook. The risk is this because Google at the fundamental level of their business transacts indirectly identifiable consumer data. Google knows so much about billions of consumers because of their core product, their search engine. Because The Traders Desk does not transact in directly identifiable consumer data and because we don't own a search engine we can provide a unified open ID that enables advertisers to compare every destination on their media plan to every other destination objectively. Agencies and brands see this and it is why impart we are winning spend. In our platform we don't even house email addresses let alone provide hundreds of millions of people with their own email addresses. Our data and the data of our third-party partners cannot be directly associated with an individual. Data in The Trade Desk platform does not include names, phone numbers or social security numbers for example. This is the centerpiece of many of the discussions we have with agencies and brands today. Our value proposition is strengthened because of the Google’s strategic ID policy change. The choice for marketers could not be clear. Choose an objective partner with transparent reporting or choose higher walls where the publisher largely does the measurement. We have already seen some of the benefit in Q2 and we think that can only lead to more positive outcomes for our business over the long term. Which brings us to the second high impact development this quarter the significant merger deals in TV. To properly understand this, a little context is needed. The worldwide advertising market is currently at $700 billion and moving toward $1 trillion over the next ten years. The biggest part of that market is television, which according to IDC, is nearly $230 billion this year. When that TV number is added to web video, social video, mobile video, and CTV, video content is approaching half of the growing global advertising pie. And TV has just started to move to digital. We are witnessing a generational shift with the global convergence of the internet and television. This monumental change is making new forms of distribution possible in which content owners can reach content consumers directly. As a result, we are seeing decisive actions from TV and broadcast companies. We see this as one of the drivers behind the AT&T Time Warner deal as well as the Disney and FOX deal which also includes control of Hulu. These massive deals have given us a clearer indication of where the future of TV is going than we have ever seen in the past. Netflix used to be the exception and now they have become the rule. Content owners are showing more commitment than ever to having a direct relationship with consumers. But as this shift occurs, content distribution is fragmenting. In the past, distribution was through one cable operator on a TV in a living room. Today, that line to the consumer is through five or six different types of devices. When you add in the number of skinny bundles or virtual MVPDs from companies like Sony, Comcast, Hulu, Sling TV, DirectTV, FuboTV or many others, there are probably more than 20 different ways to watch ESPN, for example. This is driving the increase in the number of content owners who are providing their inventory directly to us. Content owners can eliminate many steps in the distribution channels and monetize their ad inventory more directly and effectively. Our objectivity from not owning media ourselves makes The Trade Desk one of the most important partners to these TV content owners. For example, take the most recent World Cup on Fox. We ran ads across every game in the World Cup. Ads that aired via our partnerships with many of the virtual MVPDs, not just a single partner. But new inventory in CTV isn’t just coming from virtual MVPDs. New inventory is coming from three main categories of new distribution. First, it's coming from new ad-funded channels that didn’t exist before the internet. These are channels like Hulu and Sony Crackle. Secondly, new CTV inventory is coming from the new MVPDs we just talked about. There are a lot more skinny bundles than I ever knew, and some of the big ones like Sling TV are doing very well and are great partners. And third, ads are coming from new channels, sites, or players where content owners are going direct to consumers. For example, over the past year our relationship with Discovery has grown tremendously. They are providing long-form premium content on all types of connected devices. This approach is how new standards in programmatic advertising will emerge. To that point, we are working with many of the biggest digital publishers in the world - from Baidu to Google, to Alibaba, to Spotify, to Pandora, to CBS, to Dish Network, and to DirecTV. We think in the long-term we may be the one company who can partner with everyone in digital media because of our scale and independence with no conflicts of interest. As a side note; I want to remind everyone that TV market dynamics are different from other digital channels like social. No single company dominates the market share in TV, so the industry is unlikely to see a walled garden approach succeed. The Google and Facebook playbooks for search and social do not seem applicable when no one can or will likely own as much market share in TV as Google has in search or Facebook has in social. Content owners are going direct to consumers, and that is fragmenting the supply chains and breaking up the aggregation points that cable companies used to be. Because of all these changes, there has never been more opportunity in media than there is now. TV distribution is more fragmented than ever as content owners in desperate need of ad revenues increasingly try to go direct to consumers. Internet TV - especially ad-funded Internet TV is all up for grabs. For agencies and advertisers, The Trade Desk is the only way to effectively target across the fragmented distribution channels that characterize the emerging internet television ecosystem. Once again, our value proposition is enhanced by this development. Because we are independent and objective, we can nimbly move where the TV ecosystem moves. As I mentioned, The Trade Desk is seeing great progress in CTV. After 21x growth in Q1, Q2 was more than double what Q1 was. Further, our scale on inventory increased by over 7x compared with a year ago, which is perhaps equally exciting. With more inventory, we get the option to do more targeting and add more value. This continued growth is perhaps the most exciting thing happening in our company and our industry And that’s not just in North America. The big story in the European advertising marketplace and our third major event of the quarter - was the GDPR rollout on May 25. It was tough on many publishers. The weekend after the launch date, our engineering and partnership teams put in a huge effort working with publishers and their SSPs who, in some cases, were not ready to ensure the technology was in place to secure the required consents. But in Q2, we delivered record spend in all four of our European offices; the U.K., Spain, Germany, and France. GDPR did not diminish spend over the quarter. In fact, the trust we built with our partners and customers was massive, and we even won additional spend because of GDPR. And we are seeing similar gains here in Asia. Our business in China continues to progress. We are building strategic partnerships with major players like Baidu, Alibaba’s Youku, and Hong Kong’s TVB, which are key to scaling our business in the market. Though we have a strong focus on China as a strategic market, Asia as a whole is crucial to our success. The opportunities here are bigger than we originally thought. And it’s not just with advertisers. Inventory partners here in Asia also see The Trade Desk as an essential strategic partner. Most publishers are not getting their fair share of spend today relative to walled gardens. One of the largest publishers in Asia wants to rapidly increase advertising on their content. But they realized they can’t fully monetize it on their own because they are not getting enough budget from large global advertisers. Many other inventory partners in Asia are facing the same problem. As a result, they are looking to partner with The Trade Desk - a partner they can trust who is also trusted by global brands. Our inventory in the region has increased nearly 60% year-over-year. The secular trend driving all this is the emergence of the largest middle class in history. And most of the emerging middle class is coming from here in Asia. It is essential for brands to reach these consumers through the channels they use the most - Connected TV and mobile. Because we made investments early on in these channels, we are starting to reap the benefits and expect to continue to do so well into the future. And the last of our significant Q2 events was that The Trade Desk launched the biggest product in our history at the end of June. Internally, we’ve likened this release to Apple’s first launch of the iPhone. Our DNA has always been to ship product every week. But with this product, we invested almost 40% of our engineering resources over the last two years to overhaul the entire user experience and make decisioning even easier for our users. What we call the Next Wave significantly increases our technological lead over our competition. The result is increased sophistication and ease-of-use for tens of thousands of people who use our platform every day. This release was the biggest enhancement ever to the platform and it’s already paying off. Once again, there’s a larger context to understand about why this launch has such an impact. Internally we are talking more and more about the concept of consumer surplus. And by that, we mean giving customers measurable value that exceeds the fee they pay to use our platform. Let me explain why this is such a focus for us. Providing our customers with more value than we charge them for is the definition of sustainability. We could choose to enhance our product and charge more for it. Or we could just pass the added value onto our customers and increase their satisfaction with our platform. In other words, increase their consumer surplus. This is the best explanation for our 95% client retention rate over the last 18 quarters. In 2018, we have added more value than ever before without our customers seeing their platform fee increase. Within a few days of our recent product release, I met with the CEO for APAC for a large, worldwide brand. The reception was phenomenal. We talked about objectivity and transparency. We discussed the new products we launched. And he said, “The Trade Desk is giving me so much more with this new product rollout.” This major advertiser is now spending more on programmatic and moving more of their brands and campaigns to our platform. The Next Wave consists of three new products; Megagon, a data-focused user experience that enables media buyers to see precisely how their bidding strategies affect their opportunities to win impressions. Planner, an innovative tool that enables media planners to generate a range of campaign scenarios and validate them against data-driven insights, and Koa, the artificial intelligence that drives it all backed by data from our entire bid stream. Just a word on Koa and our approach to AI in general. We have developed new AI to make the data-driven parts of advertising more automated, but we’ve also made it easier for media buyers to participate in the process, too. We’ve built the best approach where people create hypotheses and machines test them. And unlike black box implementations of AI, The Trade Desk has always been transparent about what insights are being generated. Koa draws a clear line between what the AI found and insights it provides to the user. The user has the option to incorporate the recommendations or not. The choice and transparency are always there. The response to the Next Wave has been extraordinary. We live-streamed announcements that, along with other launch videos, generated nearly 650,000 views globally to date. Industry press and general business media highlighted the Next Wave with more than 300 stories worldwide. More importantly, our customers enthusiastically started using the new tools. In the month a half since the launch, we have seen great traction. If the current trends continue, the majority of spend on our platform at the end of the year will be on our new products. Already, more than half of those adopted are Koa enabled. Over two-thirds of those using the new product have switched on Koa Predictive Clearing. This is an incredible feature that counters publisher moves to first-price auctions, which have caused CPMs to jump approximately 40% over the past couple of years. Early results for those using Predictive Clearing indicate CPMs are being reduced by up to 20%. That’s a huge value! That is amazing consumer surplus. When we provide our users with new savings of up to 20%, we’re more than earning our platform fees. That is the consumer surplus we are talking about. The value exchange has never been better for our customers, and we expect that will help our growth. The Next Wave is a great example of our investment strategy. We have proven the value of investing ahead in areas of technology, channels, and geographies. It enables us to grab share in the fast-growing programmatic market that is just over 2% of the entire advertising market. We’ve done this consistently. But it does not stop here. We will continue to innovate more quickly and efficiently than others in our industry. This includes areas such as CTV, mobile, global expansion, and creating a safer programmatic environment, as well as investing in our infrastructure and data centers. We are not maximizing profit for today. We are doing the best thing for the growth of our business and profitability over the long-term. But even as we make these investments, we are still generating EBITDA significantly higher than almost all the high-growth software companies of similar size. In closing, we had a great second quarter. The secular tailwind is strong, and like what occurred in the first two quarters of the year, when we have revenue surprises, they tend to be to the upside. We have incredibly strong momentum, and I expect the wind to stay at our backs. We are executing well and responding rapidly to new opportunities to create consumer surplus value. We increased our guidance for the year to $456 million which is about 48% year-over-year growth. As great as the numbers are for the quarter, we are most excited about the growth for the year, which gives the best indicator of the strength of our business. The pieces are all in place for continued success for the rest of this year, for 2019, and over the long-term. Now I’d like to turn the call over to Rob for his comments on our operational performance.

Thanks, Jeff, and good afternoon, everyone. We had a strong second quarter and a great first half of the year. Our business continues to deliver terrific results. Second quarter revenue grew 54% year-over-year. Mobile spend again grew nearly 100% year-over-year and, exiting Q2, was at its highest level as a percent of our total spend in the company’s history. Growth on the platform continues across both channels and regions. In Audio, one of the best values in programmatic today, it grew by just under 200%, mobile video grew 156%, and as Jeff mentioned, Connected TV spend more than doubled from the previous quarter. We had another exceptional quarter of international growth. Our offices in Germany, France, and Spain all posted over 100% growth in the quarter. In APAC, Australia led the way, growing over 150% on a year-over-year basis. It is our goal to always deliver the highest return on investment to the agencies and brands using our platform and create surplus value for them. We do this by focusing on the three core priorities of our business, which are to; One, to remain the Objective and Independent trusted partner to our customers, second, to continue to grow our omnichannel presence, and third, to continue to continue to grow our international footprint. Our objectivity and the fact that we do not own media differentiate us from our largest competitors. The choice, transparency, and insights that we offer are what creates trust between us and the agencies and brands that use our platform. They can invest in their own first-party audiences, in CRM segmentation, and deeper audience analysis through their own data management platform. It is important for them to understand and optimize reach and frequency across all their media buys. Agencies and their brands also want robust measurement to track sales and measure offline sales attribution. We offer more options for third-party measurement and verification so that they can verify and analyze performance across all the platforms they may use. We have over 100 data and other value-added service partners in our platform, and while large competitors have stopped sharing their IDs and do not offer solutions for offline sales attribution, we provide advertisers a better path to understand how their marketing spend drives overall revenue growth for their companies. Our objectivity, measurement solutions, and shared ID have led to us winning new business and an increase in spend from some existing customers in the quarter. The Trade Desk’s other value propositions, such as independence, transparency, ease of use, more sophisticated technology, world-class client service, and a focus on providing surplus value to our customers, also helped our pipeline of new business become stronger than ever. A great example of this shift in spend is from a large global food company that we worked with in Q2. The Trade Desk had been a regular part of their programmatic business, but we had a smaller piece of their spend relative to our competition. Our key performance metrics across multiple channels regularly outperformed other platforms they used. For example, viewability came in consistently 15% to 20% higher than all other platforms while maintaining comparable cost efficiency. But when third-party measurement and offline attribution ability came into play, it really changed the game for this customer. The ability to tie online ad exposure to offline sales results allowed the team to deepen relationships and prove the value of programmatic advertising on our platform. We became the largest platform for their programmatic business in Q2 and are now on a pace for over $15 million in spend this year, which really works the prior run rate that we have discussed. Next, I want to focus on our omnichannel presence. It’s no surprise that nearly all of us use multiple internet-connected devices each day. One of our fundamental beliefs is that programmatic advertising should reflect this fact - to be successful in programmatic advertising, marketers need to coordinate their messaging across multiple channels. In Q2, we continued to see marketers advertise across more channels than ever before, which include mobile, video, connected TV, audio, native, and display. In Q2, our customers using at least six of these channels increased by 156% versus the same quarter a year ago. We also saw agencies and advertisers take full advantage of omnichannel campaigns by incorporating cross-device data. And, with our recent Next Wave product launch, it is easier than ever to layer cross-device data by using our Identity Alliance product. This enables the media buyer to leverage cross-device data from the four major cross-device vendors that best increases the size of a target audience for every single impression. A great example of an advertiser increasing the ROI of its ad dollars using cross-device data is a large international hotel chain that, through its agency, had a goal to increase its target audience and capture more online booking conversions. By activating all four Identity Alliance cost device partners through our platform, the agency was able to drive a 20% increase in new customer bookings. These are significantly better results for that advertiser. Every dollar spent on cross-device data easily paid for itself, resulting in an average 31% increase in ROI across the four cross-device partners. Moving on to our third priority. We are continuing to widen our geographic footprint to serve our customers locally in the markets that are important to them. International spend growth percentage continues to outpace that of the U.S. significantly and, in the second quarter, that trend continued. Our international business amounted to 15% of our total spend which is the highest percentage ever. The teams in nearly every one of our offices outside the U.S. reached their all-time spend record in Q2. The adoption of programmatic and the market growth we saw across both Asia and Europe was very strong. But it is the success we had in Europe in this quarter that I want to highlight on this call. So as GDPR went live, our team worked around the clock to ensure the technology was in place to secure the required consents with both publishers and SSPs. And our work really paid off this quarter. As other large platforms cut off external SSPs and publishers, we maintained and strengthened our relationships. When large advertisers came to us stating that their DSP were unable to access certain publishers or sites they wanted to access, we were there for them. This enabled us to sign new MSAs and move spend over to our platform. The new business wins included large global brands such as a major food company, a global airline, and another large beverage company. We have seen this momentum continue as we exit Q2 and our prospects in Europe are well positioned over the long-term. Overall, we feel really good about our second quarter success and our prospects for the remainder of the year and in 2019. We have made tremendous strides in increasing our customer engagement and retention, hiring and training the next generation of our team, and continuing to advance our international strategy. The advertising industry is still in the early stages of its programmatic transformation, and we see a huge multi-year opportunity in front of us. Now I am going to turn the call over to Paul to discuss our financials.

Thanks, Rob, and good afternoon, everyone. As you have seen in the numbers, the first half of 2018 is off to a record start, and we were pleased with our Q2 financial performance and execution. Revenue increased 54% year-over-year, equal to the 54% year-over-year increase in Q2 of last year. Adjusted EBITDA increased 46% year-over-year, and GAAP net income was $19 million, all while we continued to invest aggressively in areas critical to our future growth. Revenue for the second quarter was a record $112 million, which was above our prior expectations, and reflected the increased spend by our existing customers and the addition of new customers and advertisers. For the quarter, approximately 89% of our second quarter gross spend came from existing customers who have been on our platform for over a year. With the growth of our business, our operating expenses grew to $86 million in Q2 of 2018 from $53 million during the same period in 2017. This increase was primarily due to our increased investments in our platform operations and increased personnel, primarily in technology and development, as we continue to invest for future growth. Total other expense net was $1 million, and the income tax expense was nearly $6 million in the quarter for a tax rate of 23%. GAAP net income for Q2 was $19 million or $0.43 per fully diluted share. Our adjusted net income was $27 million or $0.60 per fully diluted share compared with adjusted net income of $23 million or $0.52 per share in the comparable period. GAAP and adjusted net income in Q2 of 2017 reflected a discrete tax benefit of $8.6 million primarily related to incentive stock options. Adjusted EBITDA was $37 million with a corresponding margin of 33% of revenue during Q2 2018. The increase in adjusted EBITDA dollars reflects the strong growth of our top line, offset by our increasing investments in product, people, global expansion, and corporate expenses. Of the $9 million revenue increase above our prior expectations, approximately 75% of the revenue fell through to adjusted EBITDA. Net cash provided by operating activities was about $1 million for Q2 and our trailing twelve months of operating cash flow and free cash flow were $56 million and $42 million, respectively. We have zero debt on our balance sheet and our cash position exiting the quarter was $142 million. Our DSOs at the end of Q2 were 101 days, an increase of 6 days from the same period a year ago. DPOs for Q2 were 82 days, an increase of 9 days from the same period a year ago. We are continually striving to close the gap between DSOs and DPOs, which benefits our cash flow from operations. For Q3 of 2018, we are expecting revenue of $116 million, an adjusted EBITDA of $33 million. And for the full year 2018, we now expect revenue to be at least $456 million, which approximates to 48% growth year-over-year, and the corresponding adjusted EBITDA to be $140 million or nearly 31% percent of revenue. With that, I will hand it back to Jeff in Hong Kong for any final comments, and of course, Q&A. Jeff?

Thanks Paul. In closing, let me reiterate that, while we are excited about The Trade Desk’s current performance, we see even more potential for the future. As the worldwide advertising market grows to one trillion dollars, we believe it will move to programmatic. Programmatic is the fastest growing segment of advertising, and The Trade Desk is growing faster than anyone in programmatic. When we see surprises, they typically are to the upside. There is a generational shift happening with the convergence of the internet and TV globally. Massive markets like China are just starting to adopt programmatic. And I believe it is highly probable that the programmatic industry in the years ahead will see accelerating growth. We see the opportunity and now is the time to invest in growing market share and revenue. We believe The Trade Desk is well positioned to realize this growth for the rest of this year, next year, and beyond. That concludes our prepared remarks for this afternoon, and now the operator will open it up for questions.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Tim Nollen from Macquarie. Please proceed with your question.

I have a broad question which is kind of multifaceted and the main gist is on your CTV business. If you could help us understand where the ad inventory is coming from? And what I'm wondering is if you could elaborate a bit on the discussion of the virtual bundles that have come to market. You did not talk about devices so much, Roku devices and so on. I'm sure that contributes as well and they have inventory that they can make available too. If you could just sort of help us understand how that works? And then in conjunction with you mentioned some of the operators offering the bundles and you even mentioned the network group like Discovery. So if you could maybe just explain a bit better for us please, where all these inventories coming from and how it kind of aligns? And also you seemed to be in a position where you've got great volume growth and also great price growth. And I suppose that happens when a market is developing rapidly, but it's a very nice position to be in if you could maybe explain a bit of that as well please? So that's kind of all about the CTV inventory. And then if I could ask another question which is about the ad agencies that you really very much choose to rely on for the majority of your spending. If you could explain why that is so important to you and why you also have relationships directly with advertisers? And I guess behind that is could you work with advertisers that wanted to bring programmatic buying in-house. If so, why or if not why not? Thanks.

First of all thanks for the question Tim. Lot to cover there. So first in terms of where the inventory comes from. There’s three main places where it has been coming from the first is from the TV stations or channels that are new since the Internet has arrived. So if you're on your smart TV menu or on your Amazon Fire or Apple TV or Roku device, it's pretty much all of them after Netflix and Amazon. So the Hulus of the world the Sony crackle all of those that have ads on them below that and more and more of them have premium content and there's more and more consumption. The second is are those skinny bundles. And when I look at how many have popped up, I'm blown away by how many of them are or how many of them there are. There's a lot of people out there and I suspect most of the people on this call are the ones that can afford to pay for cable and so like me you’re unaware of how many of them are out there, but there are dozens and dozens and of them and they’re all dependent on ads. And then the third and honestly this is the one that I’m most excited about, it is the Fox and Discoveries of the world. So we definitely had a lot of conversation with all of those so that we can go direct as much as possible and get access to that inventory. The devices, I think there's an open question about the long-term on how much inventory can or will be tolerated from the devices. I think most of the inventory is going to come from people who own the content, and that's why I'm so excited about the discoveries and foxes of the world. So there's only a small amount of inventory available from the devices, but that may change and sort of an open question as to where that will come from, but it's a small contributor to us today. I know there are lots of parts of the question, let me just touch on the ad agency question, and we will need to go to the next one. Our agency relationships are really critical to us because they’ve historically been the very best at servicing accounts. And when I say the very best I mean what they really offer is scale and a global approach, it doesn’t mean that there aren’t ways for them to improve and most of the big ones have had some trouble transitioning to this new digital world. But I think often people underestimate how much gravity they have when they employ – the big ones employing nearly a 100,000 people, WPP employees more than a 100,000. And so for us that represents a huge army of people to service accounts, and leverage our platform, there's no way that we have - the operating leverage in our business without partners like that. And at a time, when things are more complicated, we think brands need to rely on those even more. That said, we are finding more and more deals direct with the brand, but that's not because we're trying to cut the agency out. It's that we're trying to provide the brand assurance or reassurance that their data is safe, and that we have a contractual obligations with them to make certain that we're protecting and using their data the way that they want to. And when we do that, it gives us the liberty put that to work and we're able to do a better job for them. Appreciate the question. Operator, next one?

Our next question comes from the line of Shyam Patil from FIG. Please proceed with your question.

Jeff, I just had a quick one, you talked about the changes that Google and Facebook have made regarding their policies around data sharing and usage. Just wondering if you could talk a little bit more about what kind of opportunities all of that has opened up for The Trade Desk and how you see those opportunities materializing over the course of this year and next year?

First of all thanks for the compliment, and for the question. So I'm really glad that you asked this question, because I think what Google has done is - has really opened a door for huge opportunity. I'm not sure that we've ever expressed - explained well enough, why this has created such an opportunity. So there is essentially a Google IP or that is assigned to each user and it makes it so that that user can be identified when you go to every website or every destination. So you used to be able to look at, oh, here's this user on Spotify, here’s this user on YouTube, here’s this user on whatever destination or device that they're on. And then you can compare the performance of all of those, and it made it so that people could use the data and the insight to do attribution modeling and figure out who deserves credit for actually moving the needle on any given sale, and basically do analysis of where my spending my money and what is working. Because they’re afraid of that data, and this is my view of why they're making this policy change, they're afraid of that data being used with search data, super sensitive data or with PII. So that there's some bad intending data company could get insights that they shouldn't. That's actually the reason why from inception we've never played in directly identifiable information with consumers. So, because we don't have a search engine, because we don't – we've never use social security numbers, we don't even use email address, we've made it possible that we can activate the data and most importantly provide reporting that makes it possible to compare Spotify to the New York Times. So when the time comes YouTube and every other destination on the Internet whether that's TV or display or a mobile app. So if you're a marketer and you feel more pressure than ever to make your marketing dollar work and you have to do more analysis than ever to defend where you're spending money if you just lost the ability to compare things on a relative basis, but because of conservatism related to this ID, you're now looking for an alternative. So, I would argue that the very best pitch that Google had sort of against us and when they were selling BBM and to be clear I don't compete with all of Google, just a small division of it called BBM. But their very best pitch was that we have a unified staff that's built around an ad server that can compare everything else. And even though you may argue that we're not objective when we see your dollars to Google.com or YouTube.com, we open that up so that you can measure on a relative basis. They've made that harder than ever. So, I think their objectivity pitch is more of an obstacle than it's ever been. And that opens up the opportunity for us to give more transparent and more comparable reporting, which I think is only now beginning to pay off and we'll see what happens in the future. But it signifies a loss of strategic commitment to what I think is a low priority at Google, which is to buy the rest of the Internet because I think most of their money comes from properties they own and that's what they should focus. And to me, it seems like that's exactly what they're doing. So, I think it's a game changer but technologically new one.

Our next question comes from the line of Youssef Squali from SunTrust Robinson Humphrey. Please proceed with your question.

And let me also say congrats on a really impressive quarter. I guess just following on that last question, I'm just trying to understand why is it necessarily kind of risky for Google to do that, which caused it to effectively limit how DoubleClick IDs are used and not present a potential risk to you guys over time? Maybe if you can just kind of help us understand that, that’ll be great. And then in terms of the product launch, how should we be thinking about it as potential driver of extra spend? How - what's the rationale there? How would that happen? Thank you.

So, as it relates to the first part of the question, the biggest reason in my view why there's risk to them sharing an ID like that is because it can be combined with sensitive personal information. To me that's where everything goes wrong in using data on the Internet is when you get to that sensitive information. And if you think about how sensitive some of the information is that you share with Google and I mean in the search engine, right like any time you have a medical problem you do what I do, you go ask Google. It just anything that is sensitive like the details of your divorce, you're worried about your kids like anything you're going to type into Google. And Facebook, I think especially because of the Cambridge Analytica challenges what was happening it's just a whole bunch of insights about users who were able to be stripped away so that then data you actually get the Facebook personal data was put to work. So the reason why this doesn't pose a risk for us long-term at least in the same way that it affects them, it doesn't mean that we don't have to be sensitive, of course we do. We have to be sensitive with consumer’s data, we have to be super careful, but for us part of being super careful meant we never ever ask for personal like sensitive personal information, and we don't get directly identifiable consumer information like name or social security number, medical condition. We don't store that, we don't use that, we don't ask for it, we don’t have search engine and we don't have a social networking site where we asked all these personal questions. We have no way to identify a user personally. It's only in an anonymized way and without any of that sort of sensitive data that’s come to a search engine. So by that inherent difference, there's not an ability to activate it and it makes it easier for us to be open and sharing with our partners NIV so that they can activate their data. And of course by working with the biggest brands in the world, we all have similar sensitivity and create that sort of co-op where we work together. So it works because of the type of data that we claim. What was the second part of your question again?

The second part was around the product launch and how should we thinking about it as a potential you know driver of spend or extra spend as you go forward?

Yes, so of course the biggest launch in our company's history. I would summarize it all as an our effort to make the media buying process easier but at the same time more sophisticated. And normally you have to choose either you make it easy and you lose power meaning the power of the actual technology and you trade power and sophistication for easy, and we just figured out a way to give it the user both. So it is more powerful it is more effective, it's even more transparent, but it is easier to use and we've figured out ways to reduce the number of clicks, and we've done a better job of automating the things that can be automated and still giving the user the ability to inject themselves wherever and whenever they want without a lot of steps. So we just made media buying better, and then by making a planner, we made it possible for them to in a data driven way - do better allocation. So I don't think most people realize how bad the planning process and most of advertising is, like how do you decide how much money to put in connected TV, or how much you put in mobile, like it historically it's not been very data driven it's been mostly guessing. So by not only making the media buying process of data driven, we've also gone a little bit upstream to make the planning process data driven which is just going to make buying better and it's going to create better results for everybody as well as eliminate a lot of the back and forth that often happens in the media buying process which is this part works really well. I want to put more dollars to it, but it's just not possible there's more inventory there's not a way to get more of that one thing. So there's a lot of budgets. So we got rid of huge amounts of time waste in our space, but we're just slowly getting our current customers move lower. So the vast majority of them are still on our old platform, and so we're slowly moving them over. We expect to have the vast majority of them moved over by at the end of the year. So the adoption is fantastic, but it's slow and steady and there's lots of education that comes with it. So I mentioned in the prepared remarks that it's already paying off, it is, we’re winning business because of it, but in terms of its actual impact, I think we're going to be seeing that for years to come and there's tons of upside left. So we're just getting started on its impact, and then of course once we move everybody over we'll actually be developing faster on the new platform and one of the benefits that came with just the change as well while to the user was mostly an overhaul on the front-end, there's definitely some overhaul that took place from the back end that makes it easier for us to iterate in the future. So we will be shipping products even faster than before. There has never been a product release that we’ve shipped that had a bigger impact on our business than this one and we've only begun to realize its potential. And we think that there has always been distance between us and our competitors whether they are big companies or small companies, because we’ve been laser-focused and had a clear vision of what media buying should look like, but the distance between us and our competitors has widened in the last two months more than ever in our company’s history because of the product release that we just put out.

Our next question comes from the line of [Brian Reiser] from Pivotal Research. Please proceed with your question.

I was curious about your thoughts on whether or not a customer data platform CDP in the product category that’s evolving and something that you think you need to push into firstly, and then secondly, on your working capital I was curious if how those maybe skewed by new customers who - large ones that maybe working with or maybe working with independently of the agencies. Just curious, if there's any variation in working capital trends that you expect to see from your evolving customer base or if you will do get anomalies in a notably negative numbers in the growth quarters, just randomly?

So I'll take the CTV question, and then I'll have Paul to take the working capital question, and then if Rob wants to add any color, feel free. On the CTV, there's lots of different afternoons that her space creates for basically ways for companies to store data. And sometimes I think the afternoons actually confuse people whether it's a DMP data management platform, consumer data platform, customer data platform, like all of those are our ways for companies to store data and then put it to work. In broad strokes, I would just say, whether we're talking about CRM data or customer data, loyalty data, every form of data that is useful for an advertiser. Over time they're going to find ways to activate it, and especially like on one hand you need to respect consumers’ privacy. On the other hand you need to use the data, which I think effectively is listening to consumers, when they, when they share something with you, they expect you to use it, so that you don't bombard them with messages or I already bought that product, but they expect you to listen. So you have to do both and they are going to have to activate it and we're going to have to plug in his VMP and CVPs, and basically any way that they want to store and activate their data. I will say that over time I think the number of moving parts is going to reduce. So we think we have to make it easy for people to store data in part because we're the place where they actually activate it, we’re where the place where you actually use the data. So if you put the data somewhere else and then they ultimately have to plug it into us, so that in real-time we can use it to make better decisions on behalf of the brand of the agency then more and more the name of the game is developing quick types to get that data into our platform. We're happy when other companies do it. We're also happy when they work directly with us, to us we care more about data competencies than how many host there are, and sometimes when there lots of host, it reduces efficiencies. So ultimately we're going to activate all the things that are respectful to consumer privacy and create a better experience and advocacy for brands. On the working capital side. Paul?

And as far as working capital goes there really aren't any new trends. From a working capital management standpoint we tend to focus on the difference between the DSOs and the DPOs and those have been improving over time. If you look at our balance sheet, we had over $75 million in net cash less than two years ago at the time that we went public, and we have a $142 million now. And so we're expecting cash to continue to increase in a channel similar to that slope up and into the right for the foreseeable future and really nothing unusual with working capital.

And the only thing, I'd add - maybe for color you talk about – if you we’re more working directly with say a brand, is there, is there a difference in time lag, and while large brands have their own cash conversion cycle, remember that in the agency model, the brand pays the agencies and the agency has a holding period and then they pay us. So I'd actually argue that in most cases that we've seen today, we've been sort of net zero or even slightly positive, because we've taken that or linked out of the chain if you will in terms of getting the cash back.

Our next question comes from the line of Brian Schwartz from Oppenheimer. Please proceed with your question.

Jeff, I want to bring you back to the business results here, I would assume that, you get very little contribution in the quarterly revenue mix from the new customers, and the new agency partners that you sign up during the quarter. But this quarter was such a good one, Jeff, I mean you grew at the same rate as last year, and then if I look back into the first half of this year, the revenue and the profit growth has been accelerating here in the first half versus the second half. So it sort of begs the question, if you got any windfall or any meaningful contribution in the second quarter revenue mix from any of these new customers or agency partners that you signed during the quarter. And then if the answer is no, which I assume it probably is, then what is it, what do you attribute this sort of acceleration to the business in the first half of the year? Thanks.

So we did get slightly, slightly higher percentage of our revenue coming from new customers, which is actually super exciting. But, I think buying higher, it's ballpark, 90% from existing customers and 10% from new customers. But keep in mind, is that - our customers tend to be platform users that use our platform forever and they maintain relationships with lots of advertisers. And so where most of that growth is coming from is then getting slightly more budget from their advertisers that have already been spending with us and then in some cases bringing on a new brand which in most cases are included in that 90% where they're bringing on a new brand but because our customers are saying we're getting more spend. But in my view seeing connected TV after 21x growth last quarter quarter-over-quarter seeing that double again and just seeing all the move into programmatic like the secular tailwinds are the very best explanation of where all this is coming from. Because this is not a case of like new media versus old media, this is really about data driven media buying versus casting. That to me is the best explanation of the change.

Thank you.

Rob, I don't know if you have something to add.

Sorry, the one thing I’d add Brian and you're right on it, like what I would say is there are the winds or sort of the acceleration or matching of the prior growth is as much about the big wins we've had with major brands in Q3 and Q4 of last year Jeff has often said on calls like this where the bigger the brand the longer it takes them to sort of really ramp. And so we had a significant amount of meaningful wins in Q3 and Q4 last year where they were testing us and then came onto the platform in a more meaningful way in Q1 of this year and then even more in Q2. And so we've had a similar trend of wins I would say in Q2 and you're right those wins in Q2 didn't really contribute in a meaningful way to our Q2 this year. But I would say that gives us confidence as we head into next year, the size of the wins that we've had that are just starting with us now testing, really is a harbinger for what we think 2019 could be.

Our next question comes from the line of Peter Stabler from Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.

First of all, wondering if - I think last quarter you gave us the growth rate of the revenues associated with data, I think you offered us a partial view this year, wondering if you could give us the total growth number? And then secondly, if we understand it correctly Facebook's new third-party data policy is essentially forcing marketers to contract directly with third-party data providers. So does Facebook training the market this way present any element of risk to you guys as more and marketers elect to directly contract with data suppliers, pull that data into their DMPs, do their customer segmentation essentially off of Facebook, and then bring that data back in. Are they training the market in a way that could be negative in the future for your data brokering business? Thanks so much.

So I'll just respond briefly on the data side. I don't have the total data number in front of me, but I can say that, data spend on our platform in Q2 was the highest that it's ever been. And then our cross device which is in part because of the partnerships with every cross device vendor in the marketplace as well as the acquisition that we made last year was up over 100% in Q2. So that one I think is especially relevant and the bellwether. I think the bigger question that you asked about is Facebook training the market to make sort of third-party companies critical to our future in terms of them sort of housing the data, activating the data and it doesn't change really anything for us, it doesn't change our leverage or our opportunities. And let me explain why. So the place where you can make money in data as well as where you have the most amount of impact, if you have the data at the moment that you make decisions about what to buy and what not to buy. So the closer you get to that decision the more power you have with that data, in part because that's where the data really potent. Oh, here are the groups of users that are 55 times more likely to buy my products than everybody else. Now I'm going to just what I did I'm going to just what media I buy, I'm going to let other opportunities fall by the wayside because that's the one that I really want. So even if other companies are showing the data and this relates to the last question about data where I'm fine if there's lots of data companies out there that are activating or helping big brand, store and get that data into the media buying process. We're using a tiny fraction of what we will be at end state. So the faster that we can get the relevant data, well of course respecting consumer privacy in the process the better. And those third-party companies that Facebook is pushing now are super hungry, they tend to be more agile and more co-operative and sort of the big new media companies who are trying to do as much of the process themselves up until recently. So overall I think that trend is very good for us because ultimately the power sits at the moment of consumption.

Mr. Green just to confirm do you want to continue with the Q&A.

Yes, let's see one more.

Our next question comes from the line of Brian Fitzgerald from Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.

We'll try to make it quick, maybe at a higher level Jeff could you talk about the competitive landscape now that AT&T has bought AppNexus, is it easier to win new clients given that AppNexus is now inside AT&T. And then how do you think about the relationship between advertising agencies and then publishers and distributors? How does that change going forward due to the sources of future inventory change at all. Thanks.

So first let me say I love the fact that AT&T bought AppNexus and I love that they bought Time Warner even more. I love the AT&T strategy. I think it's brilliant. But I mean that more for what it does for TV and what it does for the landscape than just AT&T specifically. Like I think the tug of war over Fox and the need for Disney to own Hulu for instance is directly the result of the AT&T acquisitions in Time Warner and AppNexus. I do think that AppNexus the majority of their business over the last couple of years has been on the supply side. So, they’ve become a better partner to us because where they were both buy side and sell side four or five years ago and they were half competitor to us and half partner, they’ve become mostly partner over the last couple of years as they focus more and more on the sell side. That's even more the case inside of AT&T. So, I know a lot of people on Wall Street have asked the question like when is TV happening, when is it going to move to connected and when is digital going to drive choices? Well, AT&T essentially spent $2 billion saying that time is now and as their racing to get 5G out this year, their need for a programmatic ad solution is now. So, it sort of answers that question with, it is happening right now. We definitely have one less competitor in that move and they start to focus more and more on the sell side. They give the marketplace something I've been begging the market for which is more players doing TV and video on the sell side as well. So, that's super exciting that the market gets a little more focused from one of the best engineering teams in programmatic at AppNexus. So, it's really good for the marketplace. It also just signifies people who own content developing distribution and whether that Time Warner being acquired by AT&T or whether that AppNexus developing the pipe for Time Warner and AT&T, the relationship between content and distribution is getting closer. That for the most part means more fragmentation and that for the most part could put way more pressure on companies like us to aggregate it all and make it possible for advertisers to control frequency and make informed data driven decisions. So the changes to the landscape are really, really bullish for our future. So there's been little M&A over the last 10 years that excites me more than that.

Ladies and gentlemen, we have reached the end of the question-and-answer session. And I would like to turn the call back to management for closing remarks.

Thanks for everyone joining. And this now concludes the call.

This concludes tonight's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation.